Looking for a real estate marketing company to boost property visibility and generate leads? We’ve analyzed thousands of case studies, client testimonials, and industry insights of leading real estate marketing agencies to build our listing, to offer business like yours only the best candidates. Use our directory filters to refine your search by location, pricing, and hourly rates to find the right partner for your needs.
We have also carefully created this list of top real estate marketing companies after meticulously evaluating almost 400 agencies, considering their services, awards, portfolio, industry reputation, pricing, and customer feedback. Read on to explore their profiles and success stories to find the best team to market your property.
The Number 1 Real Estate Marketing Company as Selected by DesignRush Is...
Notable clients: MMG Equity Partners, CBRE, Ocean West Capital, Stepp Commercial, Synergy Boston
inMotion Real Estate Media is a commercial real estate marketing company that helps CRE firms maximize exposure and stay ahead of competitors. It specializes in web development, digital marketing, creative solutions, as well as third-party technology (APIs) and CRM integrations. The agency has over 15 years of industry experience and has completed more than 250 successful projects. With a dedicated focus on commercial real estate, its team delivers best-in-class marketing solutions to make properties stand out in a highly competitive market.
InMotion Real Estate Media Success Story
Challenge: MMG Equity Partners, a real estate investment firm, wanted to enhance its SEO strategy to boost brand awareness, increase website traffic, and improve Google rankings, especially in Florida’s crowded market.
Solution: inMotion Real Estate Media implemented a comprehensive SEO and content marketing strategy, including content development, ongoing website optimization, link building, and outreach to major CRE trade journals and news sites. The real estate marketing agency also provided detailed monthly performance reports to ensure the strategies aligned with the client’s goals.
Results: The agency executed a successful marketing strategy, driving a 449% increase in monthly organic traffic for MMG's website. Its ranked keywords also tripled (1,000 vs. 317), and total monthly visits grew by 209% in just 12 months.
Notable clients: David Siddons, Barkin Group, Riley Smith Group, The Carroll Group, Edivial Int’l Realty
As a real estate marketing company, TREM Group has over a decade of experience helping agents, teams, and brokerages scale their businesses. It specializes in IDX-integrated websites, strategic lead generation, and exclusive marketing tools like IDXBoost. Its award-winning designs and targeted digital strategies drive high-quality traffic and increase conversions. TREM Group has built and tested thousands of real estate websites, delivering proven results with advanced technology and a data-driven approach.
TREM Group Success Story
Challenge: David Siddons, a top real estate agent, wanted to expand his online presence to reach global prospects. Despite his market expertise, he needed a marketing team to execute advanced strategies like retargeting, geo-specific campaigns, and SEO to position him as a top real estate influencer.
Solution: TREM Group built a high-performance website to showcase David’s market reports and video content. The real estate marketing agency then launched hyper-targeted campaigns across Google, YouTube, and social media, using SEO, keyword research, and retargeting to maximize his digital footprint.
Results: Thanks to TREM Group’s efforts, David’s website now generates the following results:
Attracts over 17,000 monthly visitors
Generates 50+ leads per month
Receives more than 50,000 page views
Voted Miami’s #1 Real Estate Website
Earned over $800 million in sales between 2020-2022.
Notable clients: Itz’ana Resort & Residences, VOUS, Pioneer Capital Partners, Embrace, Four Seasons
Proven Partners is a real estate marketing company that focuses on luxury developments worldwide. It excels in real estate development marketing, the process of promoting and selling new or upcoming properties through branding, digital marketing, content marketing, social media, PPC advertising, and sales strategies. Proven Partners helps developers reach the right audience to generate demand, increase sales, and maximize profits. Its proprietary approach integrates development advisory, brand creation, and targeted campaigns to build strong reputations and secure future partnerships.
Proven Partners Success Story
Challenge: Itz'ana Resort & Residences, a large-scale project in Belize, had to generate enough pre-construction sales to move forward with development. As an independent hotel, establishing a strong brand identity was crucial to building credibility and attracting international buyers.
Solution: Proven Partners created a multi-layered brand personality to form the foundation for all its marketing efforts. The agency designed a website to showcase the resort’s luxury offerings, integrating Google Ads, social media campaigns, and blog content focused on local culture and design inspiration. It also launched email marketing campaigns to maintain engagement, while PR efforts secured high-profile media coverage.
Results: The results were impressive as 69 of 86 villas were sold before the soft opening, with 57% of sales coming from digital efforts. The project achieved a 36% price premium over competitors and gained widespread media recognition, securing Itz’ana’s position as a premier luxury destination.
Notable clients: Bret Wallace, Century 21 Real Estate LLC, Luxury Carlsbad Homes, Cabo Real Estate Services, Homes of Fort Bend
InboundREM provides real estate professionals with SEO-focused websites and comprehensive lead generation services. The real estate marketing company offers proprietary solutions like the Lead Master and Brand Master website platforms. Its full-service offerings include SEO, email marketing campaigns, PPC campaigns, remarketing/retargeting, Google Business Profile optimization, and YouTube marketing. Unlike many competitors, InboundREM ensures clients fully own their websites, a rare industry practice. Maintaining a perfect 5-star customer rating, the real estate marketing company delivers transparent, results-driven strategies designed to meet the sales goals of its clients.
inboundREM Success Story
Challenge: Bret Wallace, a real estate agent, wanted to generate more high-quality leads through his Google Business Profile (GBP). Despite having a presence on Google, he struggled to rank for competitive local keywords, attract potential clients, and fully optimize his GBP. His goal was to enhance visibility and convert more profile traffic into commissions.
Solution: InboundREM launched a hyperlocal GBP campaign, optimizing Bret's profile, building citations, and creating targeted content. The team also provided strategic guidance, helping Bret acquire reviews with high-value keywords using InboundREM's proven Google review hacks. Additionally, local SEO efforts extended to Bret's YouTube channel to further enhance his online presence.
Results: In just 10 weeks, Bret gained six GBP leads, which generated $101,700 in commissions. That's equivalent to a 68X ROI on his GBP investments. His GBP performance also improved dramatically, with increased rankings in Local Pack, Local Finder, and Google Maps.
Notable clients: Mantua, Santa Rita Ranch, Easton Park, Sandbrock Ranch, The Grove
L&P Marketing is a boutique real estate marketing company with over 30 years of experience, specializing in large-scale master-planned and mixed-use communities. It offers full-service solutions, including branding, digital marketing, creative design, and placemaking. The company has driven over $1 billion in digitally influenced home sales, generated more than 150,000 leads, and delivered five million clicks for investors, master planners, landowners, developers, and home builders. As a female-led firm, L&P Marketing blends strategic insight with creativity to craft unique brand identities and experiences that drive engagement and boost sales for real estate developments and prime communities.
L&P Marketing Success Story
Challenge: Mantua, a new master-planned community in North Texas, was seeking to establish a distinct identity that honored its historical roots while appealing to homebuyers. The goal was to generate immediate awareness, create a strong sense of community, and attract long-term interest from prospective buyers.
Solution: L&P Marketing launched its strategy with eye-catching billboard placements along a major highway to capture commuter attention. It then developed a website showcasing Mantua’s lifestyle, while highlighting its family-friendly amenities and community-focused environment. Meanwhile, visually engaging brochures and a targeted email drip campaign emphasized key selling points, including top-rated schools and premium amenities.
Results: Thanks to the multi-faceted approach, Mantua successfully established its presence in the community. The real estate marketing agency’s efforts created a strong brand identity, fostered familiarity, and helped early buyers establish a thriving, tight-knit community.
Notable clients: Ora Seaport, St. Regis, Hudson Yards, One Vanderbilt, Alexander Court
Neoscape is a full-service creative and real estate marketing company with over 25 years of industry experience. It combines strategy, branding, visualization, and digital marketing to craft compelling campaigns that bring properties to life. With over 90 in-house professionals across five offices in Boston, New York, San Francisco, Charlotte, and Chicago, it delivers innovative solutions, including high-quality virtual reality (VR) experiences through its partnership with Epic Games. Neoscape’s expertise in SEO, PPC, and immersive storytelling helps real estate clients attract investors, tenants, and buyers worldwide.
Neoscape Success Story
Challenge: Two real estate firms partnered to develop a new luxury apartment community in Boston's Seaport District, which needed a strong brand identity and marketing strategy to attract residents. The development aimed to highlight its prime waterfront location and modern living experience to a discerning target audience.
Solution: Neoscape developed the Ora brand, drawing inspiration from Latin meanings tied to location and lifestyle. The agency created a cohesive visual identity, integrating it into building signage, wayfinding, and marketing materials. Its team also created high-quality renderings for the website and social media, whilst also launching a targeted ad campaign to attract potential residents.
Results: Ora Seaport saw remarkable improvements in exposure, including:
29% social media growth, reaching 22,000+ users monthly
Social media drove 15% of website traffic
Ad campaigns generated over 1,200 clicks per month
The Creative Collective is a leading real estate digital marketing company specializing in property development marketing, from rent rolls to property sales. With years of industry experience, it helps real estate professionals attract buyers, generate leads, and maximize ROI. Its services include branding, website design, local SEO, and fully customized digital marketing for real estate needs. The agency has worked with multiple property developers and real estate firms, crafting compelling narratives and executing data-driven strategies. Its expertise ensures properties stand out in a competitive market, helping drive sales and achieve brand growth.
The Creative Collective Success Story
Challenge: Siarn, a luxury beachfront apartment development on the Gold Coast needed more leads and inquiries from the local Gold Coast and Brisbane markets, because the current campaign was underdelivering. It turned to The Creative Collective to launch a digital marketing campaign to boost brand awareness and attract more buyers.
Solution: The real estate marketing agency launched a two-week Facebook Ads campaign targeting three key local audiences in Gold Coast and Brisbane. Due to COVID-19 restrictions, the campaign focused on in-region buyers instead of interstate prospects, who were less likely to inquire.
Results: The ads performed exceptionally, generating the following results:
Reached 98,385 people
Generated 158,154 impressions
Achieved 970 link clicks with a 4.26% click-through rate
The average cost per click was just $0.48
Facebook reported five website registrations, helping drive interest in the development.
Best for: Integrated branding & marketing solutions
Average hourly rate: Inquire
Minimum budget: Inquire
Founded: 2009
Size: Under 49
Location: Berchem, Belgium
Notable clients: Univert, Besix RED, Ghelamco, Matexi, Les Jardins Du Var
Gabari is a premier real estate branding and marketing company that offers a unique 360° integrated approach to brand development and marketing. It provides strategic, design-driven solutions for residential, commercial, hospitality, and mixed-use projects. Backed by a multidisciplinary team of strategists, designers, digital marketers, and 3D artists, Gabari offers branding, lead generation, AR/VR, and media buying services. Its innovation-focused strategies help real estate brands stand out and drive measurable results across all platforms.
Gabari Success Story
Challenge: Univert, a residential project in Brussels, aimed to attract buyers by highlighting its blend of urban convenience and natural tranquility near university campuses. The challenge was to effectively communicate this unique value proposition and reach the right audience. A creative approach was needed to refine messaging, optimize visuals, and enhance lead generation efforts.
Solution: Gabari created a brand identity that captured Univert’s balance of nature and urban living. The design team created a refined, green-inspired palette, and delivered sophisticated visuals in videos and CGI imagery. A strong typography, dynamic contrasts, and strategic call-to-action placements created a cohesive and engaging brand experience across all marketing materials.
Results: The refined brand identity perfectly captured Univert’s harmony of city living and green spaces. The color palette and elegant design elements established a strong visual presence, while the marketing materials provided a seamless, immersive experience that resonated with potential buyers.
97 Switch is an award-winning real estate marketing company focused on branding, strategy, and digital execution. With over a decade of experience, it has helped real estate businesses enhance their online presence through creative web design, targeted marketing, and innovative storytelling. The agency operates from Chicago and Portland, serving clients nationwide with a remote team of top-tier digital marketing professionals. Known for its results-driven approach, 97 Switch delivers measurable success by combining technical expertise with human-focused strategies that elevate real estate brands.
97 Switch Success Story
Challenge: 444 Social was launching its new luxury apartment community with over 300 units and was aiming to achieve 95% occupancy within months of opening. It needed a strong digital marketing strategy to attract ideal tenants quickly.
Solution: To address the challenge, 97 Switch used targeted Google Ads, Meta Ads, and Zillow Ads, along with SEO, content marketing, email campaigns, and social media engagement. The real estate marketing agency designed compelling ads and organic content to generate strong interest and conversions while keeping ad costs low.
Results: The ads generated over 300,000 clicks, helping 444 Social reach 100% occupancy with both long-term leases and short-term furnished rentals. The agency continues to support the property, maintaining high occupancy through ongoing digital marketing.
Notable clients: Station House, Fort Worth Zoo, TCU, Air Comfort, Hillwood Communities
Schaefer is an award-winning real estate marketing agency focused on branding, strategy, and performance-driven campaigns for developers and homebuilders. Based in Fort Worth, Texas, it takes a hyperlocal approach, collaborating closely with clients to create impactful marketing solutions. With decades of experience, Schaefer combines data, market insights, and creative expertise to drive results. The agency has partnered with top real estate brands and, as an independent firm, leverages its autonomy and Magnet Global Network membership to deliver innovative, high-impact strategies.
Schaefer Success Story
Challenge: Station House, a luxury apartment complex in Frisco, Texas, needed to secure 60 new leases in 90 days to maximize peak leasing season. However, ongoing construction limited visibility and accessibility, making it difficult to attract potential residents. The complex also faced high competition from other properties in the area.
Solution: Schaefer optimized Station House’s existing digital assets, including a drone flyover video, to showcase the property’s amenities and location without construction obstructions. The campaign used paid social, display, and paid search ads, along with geotargeting to reach young professionals in Frisco. The agency also implemented Facebook lead generation ads and web offers, directly connecting potential renters with leasing agents.
Results: The campaign exceeded expectations, securing 68 new leases and improving occupancy to 96%. Website traffic doubled year-over-year during the campaign, with over 250 form fills and 900 phone calls generated through Google search ads.
How We Picked the Best Real Estate Marketing Agencies
To pick the best real estate marketing agencies on our list, we conducted extensive research and evaluated hundreds of companies based on their proven success in delivering high-quality, industry-specific marketing solutions. Here are the criteria we used to rank them:
Reviews: Strong ratings and positive feedback from past clients, reflecting satisfaction and trustworthiness.
Proven results: A strong portfolio showcasing successful real estate marketing campaigns with real and measurable outcomes.
Industry recognition: Awards, media mentions, and accolades that highlight the agency’s industry expertise.
Expert team: Employing skilled professionals specializing in real estate marketing, branding, and lead generation.
Top services: Core offerings customized to marketing real estate businesses, such as SEO, PPC, and social media marketing.
Industry expertise: Deep understanding of real estate trends, buyer behavior, and market-specific marketing strategies.
At PINK DOG DIGITAL we provide effective digital solutions for your business. Whether it is a website, search engine optimization, content creation, social media management, digital advertising or photography/videography, Pink Dog has a strategy custom-tailored to meet your needs. We create an online...
Web Ignito has a decade of seasoned expertise, our digital marketing agency serves clients globally across a spectrum of industries. Our extensive portfolio showcases successful partnerships with businesses spanning home decor, smart wearables, interior design, architecture, coaching, real estate, jewelry...
B 88 Advertising & Digital Solutions Inc. operates on the philosophy of delivering the RIGHT message at the RIGHT time with the RIGHT solution. Serving as a comprehensive "One-Stop" hub for design and communication strategy, our specialization encompasses graphic design, architectural design, realistic visual...
Cheric Information Network Technologies PVT LTD specializes in dynamic digital marketing services designed to catapult your business growth and elevate your online presence. With our expertise and tailored strategies, we empower businesses to thrive in the digital landscape and achieve unprecedented success...
Yegna Developers stands out in Ethiopia's digital landscape as a beacon of innovation and excellence, offering a comprehensive suite of web and digital marketing solutions. The company specializes in creating bespoke, SEO-optimized websites that are not only aesthetically pleasing but also highly functional...
Grow Your Business Success With All-In-One Agency Solutions
Grow Your Business Success With All-In-One Agency Solutions
Staff BD is a full-service digital marketing agency helping brands grow through targeted strategies in social media, SEO, paid ads, and content. Trusted by startups and service businesses worldwide...
SMB DigitalZone is a Dubai-based digital agency helping businesses grow with result-driven solutions. Since 2017, weve specialized in SEO, PPC, social media marketing, content creation, web and app development, UI/UX design, email marketing, and 3D walkthroughs. Our mission is to boost visibility, strengthen...
Click Digix is a next-generation AI-powered digital marketing agency helping brands achieve exponential growth through intelligent, data-driven strategies. With the perfect blend of creativity, technology, and automation, we enable businesses to increase visibility, attract qualified leads, and convert...
Market Kapchur is a digital marketing company providing SEO, Performance Marketing, & Brand Development services by leveraging insight & acting from real-world experience. Todays digital landscape demands more than creativity alone it requires clarity, strategy, trust, and meaningful experiences that truly...
CyboServer, founded by Ranjeet Gupta in 2019, is a leading digital agency with 6+ yrs of experience, 250+ websites, 200+ clients, 150Cr+ revenue generated. We offer SEO, Google & Facebook Ads, web design, automation & more to drive real business growth...
Better offers comprehensive digital marketing services, including modern website development, SEO, logo design and social media marketing. Our mission is to deliver personalized solutions that help businesses build a strong online presence, attract customers, and achieve their goals. We work closely with...
The Scribblers is a Pune based leading full service advertising agency. To put things formally, our expertise lies in providing Branding Solutions, Creative Designs, Digital Marketing, SEO, SEM Social Media Marketing, Pay Per Click Campaign Management and Space Branding Solutions...
Mount Web Technologies is a specialized digital marketing agency helping local businesses, eCommerce brands, and hospitality companies generate qualified leads, increase sales, and improve ROAS through measurable, revenue-focused strategies...
Welcome to Brayne Digital, your premier destination for cutting-edge digital marketing solutions. Located in the heart of Cavite at the Bliss & Flair Commercial Building in Dasmarinas, we are a dynamic team of creative minds, tech enthusiasts, and marketing experts dedicated to elevating your brand...
PivotM is a premier digital marketing agency based in Bangalore, with a strategic presence in key Tier 2 cities across South India, including Visakhapatnam, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Mysore, Mangalore, Coimbatore, Madurai, Vellore, Kochi, Kannur, and Kollam. We specialize in SEO, social media management, website...
Attract more customers with our high-converting, targeted ad campaigns.
Attract more customers with our high-converting, targeted ad campaigns.
Welcome to Aura, your premier Digital Advertising Agency in Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua, Mexico. Specializing in Facebook Ads | Meta Ads, we craft powerful campaigns on Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, and Audience Network. With a strong focus on data-driven results, we ensure your investment translates into...
Growth isn't for everyone. We partner with brands that refuse to blend in.
Growth isn't for everyone. We partner with brands that refuse to blend in.
Projectsity aims to provide affordable marketing and branding solutions with complete satisfaction and security, making lives while ensuring safe business operations and maximum profits & ROIs...
Infinite Rankers builds AI-powered systems that capture leads, automate follow-ups, and convert prospects into customers. As an AI revenue systems agency, they design, implement, and manage solutions that help businesses book more appointments and drive sales without needing to expand their team...
WYDdigi Agency is a Digital Marketing and SEO Company in Pune focused on helping businesses grow online with result driven strategies. We specialize in SEO, local SEO, and Google Business Profile optimization to improve search rankings, increase visibility, and generate quality leads. Our approach is simple...
Sooclix is a professional digital marketing agency dedicated to helping businesses grow online through proven, results-driven strategies. We specialize in Facebook Ads, Instagram Ads, Google Ads, Social Media Marketing, YouTube Monetization, and Personal Branding. Our mission is to empower businesses to...
In 2019, Digital Quester was founded with a mission to offer cost-effective yet high-return 360° digital marketing services tailored for growing businesses. Throughout our journey, we have consistently delivered elevated brand values and groundbreaking digital presence, showcasing the transformative impact...
Webocta Experts in Technical Optimization & Digital Excellence. We specialize in delivering innovative, results-driven digital marketing strategies tailored to enhance brand visibility and business growth. Our services include Website Development, SEO, PPC, Social Media Management, Content Creation...
We are a Google Adwords company in Dubai, providing excellent services in Google Ads management and positive ROI based on bringing leads from the targeted audience...
If you're struggling with website traffic and seeking the best SEO expert in the USA, your search ends here with Agam Grover. As a dedicated SEO professional, Agam Grover is committed to enhancing your online presence and helping you dominate search engine rankings...
Amplifying Success with Next-Gen Digital Marketing.
Amplifying Success with Next-Gen Digital Marketing.
Digital Thrive Solutions, founded in 2022, is a top digital marketing agency specializing in SEO, SMO, PPC, YouTube, and Facebook marketing, driving growth with data-driven strategies...
Digital Wit is a 360° data-driven digital marketing agency in Bangladesh, specializing in SEO, SMM, Ads, CRO, and Website Development. Trusted as one of the best SEO agencies, they drive growth with proven strategies and happy clients...
Gantech is a results-driven digital agency founded by Ganiu Odumosu, focused on helping businesses grow through web development, SEO, and data-driven digital marketing solutions. With over 8 years of experience and 100+ completed projects, the agency has built a strong reputation for delivering...
GetsVision Solutions helps businesses communicate more effectively through reliable SMTP server services and professional email marketing solutions. Established in 2014 and based in Noida, India, we provide dedicated SMTP servers, SMTP relay services, transactional email delivery, and bulk email solutions...
IT Outsourcing & Business Process Management Services
IT Outsourcing & Business Process Management Services
GTECHWEBINDIA, situated in New Delhi, India, is one of the best multi-process IT outsourcing firms in India. Our procedures are constantly refined and improved to give our clients a distinct competitive advantage. IT outsourcing services for data, eCommerce, ePublishing, app & web development etc...
Anax Designs is a custom web and branding solutions provider with over a decade of experience serving clients in the U.S. and Canada. Based in Cleveland, Ohio, the agency specializes in logo design, responsive website development, mobile apps, animation, digital marketing, and ongoing maintenance. With...
As one of Indias leading digital marketing agencies, were relentless in giving our clients more than other agencies. We combine world-class expertise, relentless execution and zero-fluff communication to deliver strategies that cut through the noise and drive real business growth...
We are OnLion, a full-service digital marketing agency. We are committed to offering comprehensive solutions to elevate businesses' online presence. Our team of experts excels in various facets of digital marketing, encompassing SEO, social media management, content creation, web design and development, and...
Best digital marketing agency in Mumbai that drives innovative results.
Best digital marketing agency in Mumbai that drives innovative results.
At Digital Consulting Pandit, we are a prominent digital marketing agency dedicated to catalyzing business transformations in Mumbai and beyond. Driven by innovation and a meticulous focus on data, we specialize in tailoring bespoke solutions that enhance our clients' digital footprint...
A real estate marketing company develops and executes strategies to promote properties, agents, and firms to attract qualified buyers and sellers, ultimately driving transactions and brand recognition.
What makes a real estate marketing agency different from general marketing firms?
A real estate marketing agency is different because its only focus is on selling properties. They know exactly how buyers and sellers think and are experts in creating the special videos and 3D tours that modern listings need.
They also know how to use real estate tech tools and follow all the specific advertising laws that apply to property, which a general firm might miss.
What should I look for when hiring a real estate marketing company?
When hiring a real estate marketing company, look for:
A portfolio with measurable real estate success
Visual expertise, like 3D tours, video, and professional photos
Strong plans for local SEO and targeted ads
Proficiency with CRM systems and clear reporting
Understanding of real estate advertising laws
How experienced should a real estate marketing agency be to deliver strong results?
For a real estate marketing agency to get you the best results, they should have at least 3 to 5 years of experience focused only on selling homes. This long history shows they know how to handle the ups and downs of the housing market and are skilled at making the complex 3D tours and videos needed today.
Instead of just checking how long they've been around, look for an impressive portfolio that clearly shows they have helped clients sell homes faster and get more quality buyers.
How long does a typical real estate marketing project take?
The time a real estate marketing project takes depends on what you are selling:
Selling a single home: The main marketing campaign, using ads and visuals, usually runs for 3 to 6 weeks until the home is sold
Preparing the home: Getting the house ready with professional photos and 3D tours takes about 1 to 2 weeks before the listing even starts
Building an agent's brand: Marketing that helps the agent's name and business grow is a long-term job that takes months or years.
When will I see results from real estate marketing services?
Results from real estate marketing services show up in two timeframes:
Immediate (days to weeks): You will see quick results, like instant website traffic and buyer leads, from Paid Ads (PPC) and the launch of a new listing campaign.
Long-term (6 to 12+ months): Lasting growth and a steady stream of free, high-quality leads come from consistent work on SEO and content marketing, with major impacts taking six months or longer.